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Mike Pompeo

Secretary of State and former Director of the Central Intelligence Agency

Michael Richard Pompeo (/pɒmˈp/; born December 30, 1963) is an American politician and attorney who, since April 2018, has served as the 70th United States Secretary of State. He is a former United States Army officer and was Director of the Central Intelligence Agency from January 2017 until April 2018. Pompeo was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 2011 to 2017, representing Kansas's 4th congressional district. He was a Kansas representative on the Republican National Committee and member of the Italian American Congressional Delegation. Pompeo is also a member of the Tea Party movement within the Republican Party.1

President Donald Trump nominated Pompeo as Secretary of State in March 2018, with Pompeo succeeding Rex Tillerson after his dismissal.2 Pompeo was confirmed by the Senate on April 26, 2018, in a 57–42 vote345 and was sworn in the same day.6

Education and early career

Pompeo was born in Orange, California, the son of Dorothy (née Mercer) and Wayne Pompeo.78 His father was of Italian ancestry; his paternal great-grandparents were born in Caramanico Terme, Abruzzo, and came to the United States in 1907.9 In 1982, Pompeo graduated from Los Amigos High School in Fountain Valley, California, where he played power forward on the basketball team.10 In 1986, Pompeo graduated first in his class from the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he majored in engineering management.1112

From 1986 to 1991, Pompeo served in the U.S. Army as an Armor Branch Officer with the 2nd Squadron, 7th Cavalry in the 4th Infantry Division, reaching the rank of Captain.13141516

In 1994, Pompeo received a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School where he served as one of 78 editors of the Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy,1718 and on the 81-member board of editors19 of the Harvard Law Review.20 After graduating, he worked as a lawyer for the law firm Williams & Connolly in Washington.21

Business career

In 1998, Pompeo moved to Wichita, Kansas, where he and three other West Point friends, Brian Bulatao, Ulrich Brechbuhl, and Michael Stradinger acquired three aircraft-part manufacturers there (Aero Machine, Precision Profiling, B&B Machine) and in St. Louis (Advance Tool & Die), renaming the entity Thayer Aerospace after West Point superintendent Sylvanus Thayer.222324 Venture funding for the private organization included a 2% investment from Koch Industries2526 as well as Dallas-based Cardinal Investment and Bain Capital (Brechbuhl worked for Bain at the time).2728 Brechbuhl and Stradinger left the company shortly after it was founded, but Pompeo and Bulatao continued until 2006. In 2017, when Pompeo became head of the CIA, he named Bulatao the agency's chief operating officer.29

In 2006, he sold his interest in Thayer to Highland Capital Management. The announcement said clients of the firm included "Lockheed Martin, Gulfstream Aerospace, Cessna Aircraft, Boeing, Spirit AeroSystems, Raytheon Aircraft and others".30 It was renamed Nex-Tech Aerospace.

Pompeo then became president of Sentry International, an oilfield equipment manufacturer that was also a partner of Koch Industries.31

U.S. House of Representatives (2011–2017)

Official portrait for the 112th United States Congress

Elections

2010

Main article: United States House of Representatives elections in Kansas, 2010 § District 4

In the 2010 Kansas Republican primary for the 4th District Congressional seat, Pompeo defeated State Senator Jean Schodorf (who received 24%), Wichita businessman Wink Hartman (who received 23%), and small business owner Jim Anderson (who received 13%). State Senator Dick Kelsey also ran for the nomination but ended his campaign before the August primary and endorsed Pompeo.3233 Late in the primary, Schodorf began to surge in the polls, prompting two outside groups—Americans for Prosperity and Common Sense Issues, the latter an Ohio-based political group—to spend tens of thousands of dollars in the campaign's final days to attack Schodorf and support Pompeo.34

In the general election, Pompeo defeated Democratic nominee Raj Goyle, a member of the Kansas House of Representatives. Pompeo received 59% of the vote (117,171 votes) to 36% for Goyle (71,866).35 During the campaign, Pompeo sparked controversy when his campaign's Twitter account shared, then later deleted, a blog post calling his Indian-American opponent a "turban topper" and then-President Barack Obama an "evil Muslim communist."36

During the campaign, Pompeo received $80,000 in donations from Koch Industries and its employees.37

2012

See also: United States House of Representatives elections in Kansas, 2012 § District 4

In his 2012 reelection bid, Pompeo defeated Democratic nominee Robert Tillman by a margin of 62%–32%.38 Koch Industries gave Pompeo's campaign $110,000.39

US congressional delegation at Halifax International Security Forum 2014

2014

See also: United States House of Representatives elections in Kansas, 2014 § District 4

Pompeo won the general election, defeating Democrat Perry Schuckman with 66.7% of the vote.40

2016

See also: United States House of Representatives elections in Kansas, 2016 § District 4

Pompeo beat Democrat Daniel B. Giroux in the general election with 60.6% of the vote.41

Committee assignments

Pompeo served on the United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce and on the following three subcommittees: the United States House Energy Subcommittee on Digital Commerce and Consumer Protection, the United States House Energy Subcommittee on Energy, and the United States House Intelligence Subcommittee on the CIA. He was also on the United States House Select Committee on Benghazi.42

He was a member of the Congressional Constitution Caucus.43

CIA Director (2017–2018)

Pompeo meets with Kim Jong-un over Easter 2018 weekend

On November 18, 2016, President-elect Donald Trump announced that he would nominate Pompeo to be the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.44 He was confirmed by the United States Senate on January 23, 2017, with a vote of 66–32, and sworn in later that day.4546

In February 2017, Pompeo traveled to Turkey and Saudi Arabia. He met with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan to discuss policy on Syria and ISIL.47 Pompeo honored the then-Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia Muhammad bin Nayef with the CIA's "George Tenet" Medal.48 It was the first reaffirmation of Saudi Arabia–United States relations since Trump took office in January 2017.49

In March 2017, Pompeo formally invoked executive privilege to prevent CIA officers, including Gina Haspel and James Cotsana, from being compelled to testify in the trial of Bruce Jessen and James Elmer Mitchell.50 In June 2017, Pompeo named Michael D'Andrea head of the CIA's Iran mission center.51

In August 2017, Pompeo took direct command of the Counterintelligence Mission Center, the department which helped to launch an investigation into possible links between Trump associates and Russian officials.52 Former CIA directors expressed concern since Pompeo is known to be an ally of Trump.53

In September 2017, Pompeo sought authority for the CIA to make covert drone strikes without the Pentagon's involvement, including inside Afghanistan.54

During Easter weekend 2018, Pompeo visited North Korea and met with Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un to discuss the 2018 North Korea–United States summit between Kim and Trump.55

Pompeo usually personally delivered the President's Daily Brief in the Oval Office.56 At Trump's request, Pompeo met with former NSA official William E. Binney to discuss his doubts of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections.57 At the suggestion of Tony Perkins, Pompeo planned to hire chaplains at the CIA to reduce officers' high divorce rates.58

Secretary of State (2018–present)

Pompeo with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu
Pompeo at the expanded bilateral meeting between both the United States and North Korean delegations

Nomination and confirmation

President Donald Trump announced on March 13, 2018, that he would nominate Pompeo to serve as Secretary of State, succeeding Rex Tillerson, who stepped down on March 31, 2018.

On April 23, the Senate Foreign Relations Committee voted 11-9 in favor of sending Pompeo's nomination to the full Senate, with Senator Chris Coons voting "present" and Johnny Isakson, who was absent that day, voting "yes by proxy".59 In the interest of saving the Committee's time, Coons decided to vote "present", as the vote would have been tied if he had voted no on the nomination with Isakson absent, a situation that would have nullified his vote.60 The Senate floor vote took place on April 26 and Pompeo was confirmed by the full Senate by a 57–42 vote, with several Democratic senators running for reelection in 2018 in states that Trump won in 2016, voting to confirm Pompeo.616263

Confirmation process
Voting body Vote date Vote results
Senate Committee on Foreign Relations April 12, 2018 11–9
Full Senate April 23, 2018 57–42

Tenure

Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito swore Pompeo in as the U.S. Secretary of State on April 26, 2018.64

Pompeo was a major part in the negotiations leading to the 2018 North Korea-United States Summit, and attended the historic summit at Singapore on June 12, 2018. Following the summit he led the US party in further negotiations between the sides leading to the return of the remains of US soldiers from Korea and has held several meetings with high ranking North Koreans including the North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un in Pyongyang.

In August 2018, Pompeo thanked the Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman "for Saudi Arabia's support for northeast Syria's urgent stabilization needs."65 Pompeo and Crown Prince also discussed the situation in war-torn Yemen.66

Pompeo condemned the military crackdown by the Myanmar Army and police on Rohingya Muslims.67 In July 2018, Pompeo raised the issue of Xinjiang re-education camps and human rights abuses against the Uyghur Muslim minority in China.68 Pompeo criticized Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei for his refusal to condemn the Chinese government’s repressions against the Uyghurs.69

On October 10, 2018, Pompeo said that Israel "is everything we want the entire Middle East to look like going forward" and that the Israel–United States relations are "stronger than ever".70

On November 16, 2018, a CIA assessment was liberally leaked to the media71 that with "high confidence" Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman ordered the assassination of Washington Post columnist Jamal Khashoggi. Under mounting pressure from lawmakers who wanted action against Saudi Arabia, Pompeo disputed the CIA's conclusion and declared there was no direct evidence linking the Crown Prince to the Khashoggi's assassination.72

On January 7, 2019 Pompeo began a diplomatic tour of the middle east to assure regional U.S. partners that, amid the sudden withdrawal of U.S. troops from Syria, the U.S. mission to degrade and destroy the Islamic State and to counter Iranian influence in the region had not changed. The trip included stops in Jordan, Iraq, Egypt, and the Gulf nations.73 During the tour the secretary upheld America's alliance with the Arab States and Israel, commended the successful fight against ISIS and radical Islamic terrorists and countered Iranian influence in the region.

Pompeo announced on January 23, 2019, that Juan Guaidó would be recognized by the U.S. as the legitimate interim President of Venezuela, and that American diplomats in Caracas would remain at their posts, even as Nicolás Maduro gave them 3 days to evacuate the country upon Guaidó proclaiming himself President.74

Speculated run for the U.S. Senate

On January 4, 2019, four-term incumbent Republican Pat Roberts announced that he would be retiring from the Senate, leaving the seat open ahead of the 2020 election.75 Just over two weeks later, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell requested that Pompeo, a current resident and former Congressman from Kansas, run for the seat.76 Though he has yet to make a final decision, he has had political ambitions for a long time, going as far as to consider a primary challenge against Senator Jerry Moran in 2016.77

Political positions

Pompeo and the Heritage Foundation

In a talk at the Heritage Foundation on May 21, 2018, entitled, "After the Deal: The New Iran Strategy", Pompeo said, "First as a private citizen and then as a member of Congress, and even today, the Heritage Foundation has shaped my thinking on matters of the world and public policy issues".78

Military and national security

Pompeo with Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro, who is widely considered to be the most pro-American candidate in Brazil since the 1980s.

Pompeo supports the surveillance programs of the National Security Agency, referring to the agency's efforts as "good and important work".79

Pompeo stated, "Congress should pass a law re-establishing collection of all metadata, and combining it with publicly available financial and lifestyle information into a comprehensive, searchable database. Legal and bureaucratic impediments to surveillance should be removed. That includes Presidential Policy Directive-28, which bestows privacy rights on foreigners and imposes burdensome requirements to justify data collection."80

In a 2013 speech on the House floor, Pompeo said Muslim leaders who fail to denounce acts of terrorism done in the name of Islam are "potentially complicit" in the attacks.81 The Council on American–Islamic Relations called on him to revise his remarks, calling them "false and irresponsible".82 In 2016, ACT! for America gave Pompeo a "national security eagle award" for his comments on Islam.83 Pompeo has been a frequent guest on Frank Gaffney's radio show for the Center for Security Policy.84 As a congressman, he cosponsored legislation to add the Muslim Brotherhood to the United States State Department list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations.8586

Pompeo opposes closing Guantanamo Bay detention camp.87 After a 2013 visit to the prison, he said, of the prisoners who were on hunger strike, "It looked to me like a lot of them had put on weight."88 He criticized the Obama administration's decision to end secret prisons and its requirement that all interrogators adhere to anti-torture laws.89

Pompeo meets with Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu

In 2017, it was reported that Pompeo expressed desire for regime change in North Korea.90 In July 2017, he said "It would be a great thing to denuclearize the peninsula, to get those weapons off of that, but the thing that is most dangerous about it is the character who holds the control over them today."91

Pompeo worked to undermine the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action nuclear deal with Iran that was negotiated by the Obama administration, saying, "I look forward to rolling back this disastrous deal with the world's largest state sponsor of terrorism."92 He also said that a better option than negotiating with Iran would be to use "under 2,000 sorties to destroy the Iranian nuclear capacity. This is not an insurmountable task for the coalition forces."

Trump, Pompeo and Joseph Dunford were invited to France for Bastille Day celebrations, July 13, 2017
Pompeo with Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman

On July 21, 2015, Pompeo and Senator Tom Cotton alleged the existence of secret side agreements between Iran and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on procedures for inspection and verification of Iran's nuclear activities under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. Obama administration officials acknowledged the existence of agreements between Iran and the IAEA governing the inspection of sensitive military sites but denied that they were "secret side deals", calling them standard practice in crafting arms-control pacts and saying the administration had provided information about them to Congress.93

In November 2015, Pompeo visited Israel and said that "Prime Minister Netanyahu is a true partner of the American people" and that "Netanyahu's efforts to prevent Iran from obtaining nuclear weapons are incredibly admirable and deeply appreciated". He also said, "In the fight against terrorism, cooperation between Israel and the United States has never been more important", and "[w]e must stand with our ally Israel and put a stop to terrorism. Ongoing attacks by the Palestinians serve only to distance the prospect of peace".94 He opposed Trump's 2017 decision to move America's embassy in Israel to Jerusalem.95

During his confirmation hearing, Pompeo said that Russia "has reasserted itself aggressively, invading and occupying Ukraine, threatening Europe, and doing nearly nothing to aid in the destruction and defeat of ISIS".96

Pompeo accused Obama of inviting Russia into Syria.97

In a 2017 speech addressing the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Pompeo called WikiLeaks "a non-state hostile intelligence service" and described founder Julian Assange as a narcissist, fraud, and coward.

... we can no longer allow Assange and his colleagues the latitude to use free speech values against us. To give them the space to crush us with misappropriated secrets is a perversion of what our great Constitution stands for. It ends now ... Assange and his ilk make common cause with dictators today. Yes, they try unsuccessfully to cloak themselves and their actions in the language of liberty and privacy; in reality, however, they champion nothing but their own celebrity. Their currency is clickbait; their moral compass, nonexistent. Their mission: personal self-aggrandizement through the destruction of Western values.98

In March 2014, he denounced the inclusion of a telecast by Edward Snowden at the South by Southwest conference in Austin, Texas, and asked that it be canceled, predicting that it would encourage "lawless behavior" among attendees.99

In February 2016, Pompeo said Snowden "should be brought back from Russia and given due process, and I think the proper outcome would be that he would be given a death sentence".100 But he has spoken in favor of reforming the Federal Records Act, one of the laws under which Snowden was charged, saying, "I'm not sure there's a whole lot of change that needs to happen to the Espionage Act. The Federal Records Act clearly needs updating to reflect the different ways information is communicated and stored. Given the move in technology and communication methods, I think it's probably due for an update."101

In September 2018, Pompeo "backed continued U.S. military support for Saudi Arabia's war in Yemen over the objections of staff members after being warned that a cutoff could jeopardize $2 billion in weapons sales to America's Gulf allies, according to a classified memo and people familiar with the decision."102103

Energy and environment

Pompeo speaking at the Values Voter Summit in Washington, D.C.

Speaking about climate change in 2013, Pompeo said: "There are scientists who think lots of different things about climate change. There's some who think we're warming, there's some who think we're cooling, there's some who think that the last 16 years have shown a pretty stable climate environment."104 He has said, "Federal policy should be about the American family, not worshipping a radical environmental agenda." He has called the Obama administration's environment and climate change plans "damaging" and "radical". He opposes the regulation of greenhouse gas emissions by the United States and supports eliminating the United States federal register of greenhouse gas emissions.105

Pompeo signed the No Climate Tax pledge of Americans for Prosperity.106

He has called for the permanent elimination of wind power production tax credits, calling them an "enormous government handout".107

In December 2015, as a member of the United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce, he voted for two resolutions disapproving of the Clean Power Plan implemented by the United States Environmental Protection Agency during the Obama administration.

On May 9, 2013, Pompeo introduced the Natural Gas Pipeline Permitting Reform Act.108 The bill would have required the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to approve or reject any proposal for a natural gas pipeline within 12 months.109 The bill passed the House of Representatives along party lines but was not voted on in the Senate.110

Healthcare

Pompeo opposed the Affordable Care Act (ACA).111 Pompeo has been criticized for saying that he supports funding for certain programs, yet opposing them when they are a part of the ACA.112

Social issues

Congressman Pompeo speaking at Freedomworks New Fair Deal rally outside the US Capitol

Pompeo has stated that life begins at conception and believes that abortions should be allowed only when necessary to save the life of the mother.113 In 2011 he voted for the No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion Act, which would have banned federal health coverage that includes abortion. Also in 2011, he voted for a prohibition on funding the United Nations Population Fund.

He opposes same-sex marriage and sponsored bills to let states prevent same-sex couples from marrying.114115

Miscellaneous

Pompeo supported the United States federal government shutdown of 2013, blaming President Obama. He said that he believed the shutdown was necessary to avoid an "American financial collapse 10 years from now".116

He is a lifetime member of, and has been endorsed by, the National Rifle Association.117

Pompeo opposes requiring food suppliers to label food made with genetically modified organisms. He introduced the Safe and Accurate Food Labeling Act of 2015 to block states from requiring mandatory GMO food labeling.118

He sponsored the Small Airplane Revitalization Act of 2013.119

Personal life

Family photo in 2018

Pompeo married Leslie Libert in 1986.120 The couple later divorced. He then married Susan Pompeo. They have one son, Nicholas.121

Mike and Susan Pompeo are affiliated with the Evangelical Presbyterian Church.122123 Pompeo serves as a local church deacon and teaches Sunday school.124

In 2014, Pompeo told a church group that Christians needed to "know that Jesus Christ as our savior is truly the only solution for our world".125 In 2015 in a talk at a church, Pompeo said that "politics is a never-ending struggle ... until the Rapture."126

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